Ultimate Golf Terms Guide: Terminology For Scoring, Etiquette, and Fun Games for Every Golfer

Kelvin Mangaroo
September 21, 2024

Golf is one of those sports that looks easy until you actually try it. You stand on the tee, look at the tiny hole way off in the distance, and think, “How hard could it be?”. When I think of this, my mind immediately goes to the Robin Williams skit about how golf was invented (note: lots of swearing but hilarious!). Well, fast forward a few shots (or maybe a few dozen shots), and you realize there’s a whole world of technique, rules, and—let’s be honest—terms that sound like they came from a secret language. That’s where this golf guide comes in. We’ve pulled together everything you need to sound and play like you’ve been golfing for years, even if you’ve only just picked up a club. Let’s get started!

Golf Terms
Golf Scoring Terms
Golf Course Terms
Golf Swing and Golf Shot Terms
Golf Equipment Terms
Golf Betting And Gambling Games
Golf Etiquette Terms
Popular Golf Terms and Expressions

1. Golf Terms

Let’s start with the basics—because if you don’t know the lingo, you’re going to spend half your time on the course asking questions like, “What did he just say?” Golf terms can feel like they’re from another planet, but trust me, they’re not that bad once you break them down. And you don’t want to be that person in the group who doesn’t know what a “bogey” is, right? So let’s go through the essentials. By the time we’re done, you’ll be talking about birdies, bogeys, and even “fried eggs” like you’ve been doing it for years (and yes, fried eggs are a golf thing, not a breakfast order).

Caddie: A person who carries a golfer’s clubs and offers advice ie. the person wearing the funky white onesie carrying clubs when you’re watching the Masters.
Divot: A chunk of grass and earth displaced by a golf club during a shot.
Drop: When you hit the ball out of bounds, you need to drop the ball. Typically within two club lengths from where it went out of bounds.
Fore: A warning shout when a ball is heading toward someone. If you’re new to the game, you’ll be using this one alot!
Fried Egg: Golf slang for a ball half-buried in a sand trap. The top half of the ball looks the yolk of an egg fried sunny-side up. The egg version is super tasty. The golf version, not so much.
Gimme: A short putt that opponents concede without requiring it to be holed. The distance on this can vary greatly. I’ve seen people giving 15 footers for a gimme, but to each their own.
Golf pass: A golf pass is a collection of golf deals or discounts to save on your green fees.
Green Fee: The fee to play a round of golf. There’s a place you can save up to 50% on green fees every time you play 🙂
Handicap: A numerical representation of a golfer’s skill level that allows players of different abilities to compete fairly.
Hole-in-One: Completing a hole in a single stroke. Also known as an ace. Oddly, if you make a hole-in-one you’re supposed to buy everyone in the clubhouse a drink afterwards which can run in the thousands of dollars. In my mind, they should be buying you a drink, right?!
Mulligan: A do-over shot, typically used informally and not allowed in official play. If you’re starting out, you’ll be using this regularly.
Penalty Stroke: An extra stroke added for breaking a rule or losing a ball.
Ready Golf: Playing when ready to speed up the pace of play. Typically, the person furthest away from the hole goes first in golf, but ready golf, means whoever is ready first, goes first.
Scratch Golfer: A golfer with a handicap of zero. Also known as a Yeti. You hear about them but never see one close up!
Tee Time: A golf tee time is a reserved time slot for the start of play on the day at a particular course. Tee times can be booked well in advance, depending on how busy the golf course is, and can be made through an online booking portal, in person at the golf course, or over the phone. Public service announcement – the tee time is when you’re supposed to be ready to hit your shot on the first tee. It is NOT when you’re supposed to show up and then start getting ready.
Yips: Nervousness causing a golfer to lose control, particularly during putting.

Check out how even some PGA pros can get the “Yips”. Credit to Golf Mix.

2. Golf Scoring Terms

Ah, golf scoring. It’s like someone took regular scoring and thought, “How can we make this sound more complicated?” Now, its not as bad as tennis, but don’t worry, it’s not as tricky as it seems. Basically, everything revolves around “par.” The idea is to hit the ball as few times as possible to complete the hole, but if it takes you a few extra (or fewer) shots, there are fancy names for that. Birdie, bogey, eagle—these aren’t just cool words, they’re your new best friends (or enemies, depending on how your game’s going). Let’s dive into it, and remember, everyone loves a good birdie—unless it’s an actual bird landing on your ball mid-flight. That’s just annoying.

Albatross: A score of three under par on a hole.
Birdie: A score of one under par on a hole.
Bogey: A score of one over par on a hole.
Condor: A score of four under par on a hole (extremely rare).
Double Bogey: A score of two over par on a hole.
Eagle: A score of two under par on a hole.
Even Par: Scoring exactly par for a hole.
Par: The number of strokes a skilled golfer is expected to take on a hole.
Snowman: A score of 8 on a hole.
Triple Bogey: A score of three over par on a hole.

3. Golf Course Terms

If golf is a journey, the golf course is your map. But it’s not just any old map—this one has fairways, rough, bunkers, and all kinds of things waiting to test your patience. The layout of a golf course isn’t just random patches of grass; it’s carefully designed to challenge you at every turn. So, knowing the difference between the fairway (the place you want to be) and the rough (the place you’ll probably end up) is key. And let’s not forget about hazards—because water and sand are just what you need to make a game harder, right? I’m here to make sure you can tell your dogleg from your bunker, and maybe even avoid a few of them along the way.

Apron: The closely mown grass area just around the green.
Bunker/Sand Trap: A sand-filled hazard on the course. Sometimes you can be stuck in here for ages.
Dogleg: A hole that bends left or right, resembling a dog’s leg.
Fairway: The short grass between the tee and the green.
Green: The closely-mown area around the hole, designed for putting.
Greenside: The area immediately surrounding the green.
Hazard: Any obstacle on the course, such as water or bunkers.
Out of Bounds (OB): An area marked off-limits for play. There are different rules for out of bounds, based on the markings for the area. TLDR: you have 3 minutes to look for your ball and then just drop and hit another one.
Rough: The longer grass bordering the fairway.
Slope: tells you how tough a course might be for a “bogey” golfer – that’s someone who shoots about 18 over par, or around a 90. The slope number ranges from 55 to 155, with 113 being the average. The higher the number, the harder the course. Just like the course rating, the Slope will be different depending on which tees you play from. For example, if you play from the front tees, the Slope might be 105, from the white tees 115, and from the blue tees 125.
Tee Box: The area where the first shot of a hole is taken. You need to hit the ball between the colored stakes and in-line or behind them.
Tees: Golf courses have different tee boxes to match various skill levels. The front tees, sometimes called the “Red tees”, are the shortest and great for beginners. Middle tees, which are often the “White tees” or “Blue tees” offer a balanced challenge for average golfers, while the back tees, often called “The tips” which can be the “Black tees”, “Gold tees” etc, are the longest and toughest, usually for more experienced players. Choose your tees based on your skill level: front for an easier round, middle for a solid challenge, and back if you’re ready for a serious test.
Yardage Book: A guide with course measurements.

4. Golf Swing and Golf Shot Terms

So, you’ve got the clubs, you’re on the course, but now comes the big part: hitting the ball. Sounds easy, right? Yeah, not so much. There are so many different types of shots you can take, and each one has a fancy name. We’ve got chips, pitches, fades, and draws—and that’s just scratching the surface. And don’t get me started on slices and hooks (trust me, you don’t want either of those). But once you get the hang of the terminology, you’ll not only understand what went wrong with your shot, but you’ll sound like a pro talking about it. So let’s break down all the different ways to send that little white ball flying (hopefully in the right direction).

Approach Shot: A shot intended to land on the green.
Backswing: The initial movement of the golf swing when the club is taken away from the ball.
Bump and Run: A low chip shot that rolls toward the hole.
Chip Shot: A short shot played near the green.
Chunk: Hitting the ground before the ball, resulting in a weak shot.
Cut Shot: A controlled fade.
Draw: A shot that curves slightly from right to left (for a right-handed golfer).
Drive: The first shot, usually hit with a driver, from the tee.
Duff: A poorly struck shot. Also, Homer Simpson’s favorite beer.
Fade: A shot that curves slightly from left to right (for a right-handed golfer).
Flop Shot: A high, soft shot near the green.
Hook: A shot that curves sharply from right to left (for a right-handed golfer).
Lag Putt: A long putt intended to get close to the hole but not necessarily in.
Lie: The position of the ball on the ground.
Lip Out: When the ball touches the edge of the hole but doesn’t drop in.
Pitch Shot: A short, high shot onto the green.
Pull: A shot that goes left of the target (for right-handed golfers).
Putt: A shot on the green to roll the ball into the hole.
Shank: A mishit where the ball is struck with the hosel of the club.
Short-Sided: A difficult chip or pitch shot due to the flag’s position.
Slice: A shot that curves sharply from left to right (for a right-handed golfer).
Thin Shot: A shot where the club makes contact too high on the ball.
Topped Shot: A shot where the club barely hits the top of the ball, causing it to roll.
Up and Down: Completing a hole in two strokes from off the green.
Waggle: A small movement of the club before taking a shot.
Whiff: A complete miss when trying to hit the ball.

Here’s a video with pros making huge mistakes, to make you feel better. Golf is hard!

5. Golf Equipment Terms

You wouldn’t show up to a sword fight without a sword, right? Same idea with golf—you need the right gear. But here’s the thing: golf equipment is a whole universe of its own, with different clubs for different shots, and some clubs that seem like hybrids of others (because they are). Don’t worry, I’ll walk you through the essentials, so you don’t end up bringing a putter to the tee box (spoiler: bad idea). Knowing your driver from your wedge will not only help your game, but it’ll also stop you from carrying around more weight than you need in your bag. Let’s take a look at what’s in your golf bag to insure you know to use:

Driver: A club used for long-distance shots, typically off the tee.
Flagstick: The pole that holds the flag marking the hole.
Golf Bag: The carrying case for golf clubs.
Golf Cart: A vehicle used to transport golfers around the course.
Golf Glove: Worn by golfers to improve grip.
Golf Tee: A small peg to elevate the ball for the first shot.
Hybrid: A club that combines characteristics of both irons and woods.
Iron: A club with a metal head, typically used for approach shots.
Mashie: An old-fashioned golf club.
Putter: A club used on the green to roll the ball into the hole.
Sand Wedge: A club designed for use in bunkers or for short, high shots.
Stimp Meter: A device used to measure the speed of the green.
Woods: Clubs designed for long-distance shots. Or more likely, where many of your drives will end up!

6. Golf Betting And Gambling Games

You might think golf is just about playing a good round and enjoying the sunshine, but no, my friend, there’s a whole other level of fun: golf gambling games. These aren’t high-stakes poker-level bets (though they could be if you’re feeling brave), but more like friendly wagers that make things more exciting. Whether you’re putting a few bucks on the best score or playing a game where being the “Wolf” can win you triple points, these games are sure to add some spice to your round. So if you’re looking to take your game up a notch (and maybe make some pocket change in the process), let’s dive into some of the most fun golf gambling games out there.

Alternate Shot: Players: 4, Format: Team. In Alternate Shot, two players form a team and take turns hitting the same ball. The team with the lowest score on each hole wins. This game is often used in professional formats like the Ryder Cup.
Best Ball (Four-Ball): Players: 4, Format: Team. In Best Ball, each player on a two-person team plays their own ball, but only the best score on the team counts for each hole. It’s popular in both casual and tournament play.
Bingo Bango Bongo: Players: 2-4, Format: Point-based. This fun game awards points for being the first to hit the green (“Bingo”), closest to the pin on the green (“Bango”), and the first to sink the ball (“Bongo”). The number of strokes taken doesn’t matter, making this game ideal for players of varying skill levels.
Las Vegas: Players: 4, Format: Team. A game where the team score is combined into a two-digit number, and the difference between teams determines the points awarded. Instead of adding scores, you pair them to form a two-digit number (e.g., if one player scores 3 and the other scores 4, their team score is 34). The team with the lower score wins the difference in points. The twist comes when one team scores a birdie, allowing them to flip their opponent’s score.
Nassau: Players: 2+, Format: Solo or Team. A betting game where wagers are placed on the best score on the front nine, back nine, and total 18 holes.
Scramble: Players: 4, Format: Team. A team game where everyone hits their own ball, but the team plays from the best shot. Variations include the Texas Scramble and One-Man Scramble.
Sixes (6-6-6): Players: 4, Format: Team. In Sixes, the round is divided into three sets of six holes. Each player pairs with a different teammate in each set, and the best-performing team across all sets wins.
Snake: Players: 2-4, Format: Solo. A putting game where a dollar value is added to the pot every time a player 3-putts. The last person to 3-putt pays the pot to the other players.
Stableford: Players: 2+, Format: Solo or Team. A points-based game where the goal is to earn the highest score, with points assigned based on the number of strokes relative to par.
Wolf: Players: 4, Format: Rotating Teams. A rotating game where one player (the Wolf) either plays solo against the others or teams up after seeing the shots. Lone Wolves can win triple points, making it a high-stakes, high-fun game.

7. Golf Etiquette Terms

Alright, let’s talk about etiquette. Golf isn’t just a game—it’s a gentleman’s (and gentlewoman’s) sport, where good manners and respect for others are part of the package. This isn’t a free-for-all; there are actual rules for how you should behave on the course. And I’m not just talking about knowing when to yell “Fore” (though that’s super important). We’re talking everything from where to stand when someone’s putting to how to fix your ball mark on the green. You don’t want to be that person who messes up the course or annoys the group behind you, right? Let’s get you up to speed on the do’s and don’ts of golf etiquette so you can focus on your game—and keep your fellow players happy.

Arrive Early: Always arrive at least 15 minutes before your tee time to check in and warm up.
Cart Etiquette: Always follow the golf cart rules of the course. For instance, avoid driving on tee boxes, near greens, or bunkers, and follow the 90-degree rule when leaving the cart path to reach your ball.
Divots: After taking a shot that leaves a divot (a chunk of grass), either replace the divot or fill it with the provided sand mix. This helps maintain the course for the next group.
Don’t Step on Putting Lines: Avoid stepping on another player’s putting line (the path their ball will take to the hole).
Ball Marks: A small indentation caused by a ball landing on the green. Always repair ball marks or pitch marks on the green to ensure smooth putting surfaces for other players.
Flagstick Etiquette: When tending the flagstick, make sure your shadow doesn’t cross another player’s line. Hold the flagstick so it doesn’t flutter and remove it smoothly without damaging the green. Since COVID a new trend started where you can leave the flagstick in the hole while you putt. Common etiquette now is to ask your playing partners if they’d like the flagstick “in or out” while they’re putting.
Fore: Always yell “Fore” if your ball is heading toward another player. If you’re just starting out, don’t worry, you’ll get lots of practice trying this. If you don’t, this is how most golf fights start out on the course.
Music: This is a controversial topic at golf courses these days with bluetooth speakers becoming more popular, and louder. To play or not to play music? We fall on the side of, let’s have fun, play your music but don’t crank it so the whole course can hear it. The guys that say it’s distracting them are just using another excuse. To really rattle ‘em Metallica is typically a good choice!
Pace of Play: Limit practice swings and be ready to hit when it’s your turn to keep the game moving. Maintaining the pace of play is crucial. Play “ready golf” and be ready for your shot when it’s your turn, and don’t linger on the green after completing the hole.
Rake Bunkers: After hitting a shot from a bunker, always rake the area, including your footprints and the area you played from. Leave the rake near or in the bunker when finished.
Repair Ball Marks: Always repair ball marks on the green to maintain smooth surfaces for putting.
Shoes: Higher end courses despise when players change or put their shoes on in the parking lot. This is oddly a very controversial thing to do at some courses. Gallic shrug ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
Silence and Stillness: Stay quiet and still while others are preparing to take their shot. Avoid distracting them by standing in their line of sight or talking.

This is what can happen when golf etiquette isn’t followed. Some people are very particular!

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8. Popular Golf Terms and Expressions

Golf is more than just a game; it can be a full-blown lifestyle. And like any good lifestyle, it comes with its own language. Golf sayings are basically the inside jokes of the golfing world—if you know, you know. Plus, when you’re having a rough round (which let’s face it, happens a lot), a good saying can lighten the mood. So whether you’re dropping these lines on your buddies or just need something to laugh about after slicing your drive into the woods, here are some golf gems you need in your vocabulary.

Classic Golf Sayings

“Drive for show, putt for dough.”: Translation: Sure, it’s fun to launch the ball 300 yards, but if you can’t sink a putt, you’re not winning. A reminder that all the glory shots in the world won’t save you if you’re three-putting every green.
“The most important shot in golf is the next one.”: This is the golf world’s way of telling you to forget that last embarrassing swing you just took. It’s basically saying, “Don’t dwell on that shank, pal; just make the next one count.”
“Golf is a game in which you yell ‘fore,’ shoot six, and write down five.”: A friendly reminder that everyone “adjusts” their scores every now and then. It’s all about the fun, right? (But seriously, try not to make it a habit!)
“The harder you swing, the harder it is to find the ball.”: This one’s for the folks who think every drive should be a home run. Slow down, Tiger—you don’t need to smash it into the next zip code.
“Golf is like life: it’s the follow-through that makes the difference.”: Sure, you can take this one literally for your golf swing, but it’s also a little nugget of wisdom for life in general. Always follow through, whether it’s on your 9-iron or your goals.
“Play well or play fast.”: Great advice for new golfers. If you’re on the course and get paired up with other golfers, take your swings, practice what you want to learn, but keep pace. Don’t hold up your group or the group behind you. There’s no shame in picking up your ball and going to the next tee.

Funny Golf Sayings

“I like big putts and I cannot lie.”: Let’s be real: this one’s just pure gold for the golf-loving jokesters out there. Dropping this on the green is a guaranteed laugh—especially if you actually make the putt. Hat-tip to Sir Mix-A-Lot, as his contribution to society continues to live on.
“My drinking team has a golf problem.”: For those of you who treat golf as much as a social event as a sport, this one’s all too real. It’s a perfect tagline for those weekend warriors who mix in a few beers with their game.
“Golf balls are like eggs. They’re white, sold by the dozen, and a week later you have to buy more.”: Lost a ball (or six) in the water hazard? Join the club. This saying reminds us all of the inevitable fate of every golf ball we’ve ever known.
“I’d play better if I took up a different hobby.”: We’ve all been there—when your game is falling apart and you’re wondering if knitting might be a better use of your Saturday morning. A little self-deprecating humor goes a long way on the course.

Inspirational Golf Quotes

“Golf is deceptively simple and endlessly complicated.” – Arnold Palmer. The legend himself nailed it with this one. If you’ve ever thought golf looked easy until you actually tried to hit a ball, you’ll get this quote. The trick is, once you start playing, you realize how deep the rabbit hole goes.
“Golf is about how well you accept, respond to, and score with your misses.” – Dr. Bob Rotella. Golf isn’t a game of perfection; it’s a game of how well you recover from not being perfect. And let’s face it, none of us are perfect.

So there you have it—some of the best and funniest golf sayings out there. Use them well, and more importantly, use them often. After all, if your golf game isn’t going great, at least you can impress your buddies with your sharp wit!

Golf can seem a bit complicated at first, but once you get the hang of the terms, rules, and etiquette, it’s seriously one of the most rewarding games out there. Once you hit that sweet, sweet drive so pure you dream about it, you’ll be hooked for life. Whether you’re new to the game or just having a fun bet with your buddies, knowing this stuff will make you feel more confident and enjoy the game way more. Keep this golf terms guide close by, and next time you’re out there, you’ll be ready to impress—not just with your knowledge, but maybe even your swing too!